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Risks And Benefits

Updated: 10/19/2024

Protocol Medication Risks & Benefits

Welcome to the Protocol Medication Risks & Benefits document. This guide provides essential information on the medications and peptides used in our hair growth protocols. Our goal is to ensure full transparency about the benefits, mechanisms of action, and potential risks associated with each treatment. We encourage you to thoroughly read this document and consult your healthcare provider with any questions or concerns you may have. It is important to understand that while these treatments can offer significant benefits, there are also potential risks, which we have outlined in detail below. By using these protocols, you acknowledge that you understand and accept these risks.


Hair Growth Topical Peptides Protocol

PTD-DMB

  • Mechanism of Action: PTD-DMB works by inhibiting CXXC5, a protein that interferes with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is crucial for hair follicle regeneration and growth. By blocking CXXC5, PTD-DMB enhances hair follicle activation and promotes new hair growth.

  • Risks: Potential scalp irritation, initial increased shedding, allergic reactions, skin redness, itching, possible long-term skin discoloration, localized pain, folliculitis, potential immune response, increased sensitivity to sunlight, rare systemic absorption effects (including fatigue or general malaise).

  • Contraindications: Known allergy to peptide components, severe scalp conditions, active infections on the scalp, immunocompromised patients, recent skin treatments (e.g., microneedling or laser therapy that can increase absorption).

  • Benefits: Modulates hair follicle regeneration, reduces hair thinning, promotes growth.

GHK-Cu

  • Mechanism of Action: GHK-Cu is a copper-binding peptide that promotes collagen synthesis, angiogenesis, and wound healing. It has a direct effect on increasing the expression of genes related to tissue repair, which contributes to healthier scalp and hair growth.

  • Risks: Skin irritation, temporary skin discoloration, allergic reaction, itching, increased sensitivity to sunlight, possible scarring, rare risk of oxidative stress from copper accumulation if used excessively, mild flu-like symptoms if absorbed systemically.

  • Contraindications: Allergy to copper peptides, damaged skin on the scalp, history of metal allergies, open wounds, patients with Wilson's disease (due to potential sensitivity to copper).

  • Benefits: Enhances collagen production, supports tissue repair for improved hair growth, reduces inflammation, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, improves skin elasticity, and helps with overall scalp health.

Zinc Thymulin

  • Mechanism of Action: Zinc Thymulin is a combination of zinc and thymulin, which helps regulate the anagen (growth) phase of the hair cycle by modulating immune responses and stimulating hair follicle activity. It promotes healthy hair growth by extending the growth phase of hair follicles.

  • Risks: Skin irritation, mild redness, tingling, increased shedding during the initial phases, rare allergic reactions, potential impact on local immune response.

  • Contraindications: Known allergy to zinc-based formulations, active scalp infections, severe inflammatory scalp conditions.

  • Benefits: Supports hair growth through thymulin-mediated signaling, helps in extending the anagen phase of the hair cycle, reduces inflammation, and contributes to zinc replenishment at the hair follicle, which is crucial for healthy hair growth.

Dutasteride

  • Mechanism of Action:
    Dutasteride is a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor that blocks the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), reducing hair follicle miniaturization and hair loss.

  • Risks:

    • Sexual dysfunction (3–5% of users).
    • Gynecomastia (1–2%).
    • Depression or mood swings (rare).
    • Allergic reactions (e.g., angioedema, rash).
    • Masked PSA levels: Dutasteride suppresses PSA, a marker for prostate cancer. Physicians must double PSA levels when interpreting test results.
    • Liver toxicity (rare, more likely in patients with preexisting liver conditions).

  • Dose Consideration:
    Risks are primarily based on doses for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), typically 0.5 mg daily. Lower doses for hair loss may have a different risk profile.

  • Contraindications:

    • Contraindicated in men planning to conceive.
    • Contraindicated in pregnancy (Category X).
    • Liver impairment or allergy to 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors.

  • Benefits:

    • Reduces DHT levels.
    • Slows hair thinning.
    • May promote regrowth in some individuals.

Minoxidil

  • Mechanism of Action:
    Minoxidil is a potassium channel opener that promotes vasodilation, increasing blood flow to the scalp and supporting hair follicle growth by prolonging the anagen (growth) phase.

  • Risks:

    • Scalp irritation (primarily with topical formulations).
    • Unwanted facial or body hair growth (5–10%, e.g., beard or mustache).
    • Dizziness, low blood pressure, or rapid/irregular heartbeat (rare).
    • Temporary hair shedding during the initial weeks.
    • Headaches (4%).
    • Edema and fluid retention (2–3%).

  • Dose Consideration:
    Risks are typically associated with topical concentrations of 2% or 5%.

  • Contraindications:

    • Contraindicated in men planning to conceive.
    • Contraindicated in pregnancy (Category C).
    • Scalp damage or sensitivity to Minoxidil.
    • Heart disease or untreated hypertension.

  • Benefits:

    • Increases blood flow to hair follicles.
    • Promotes thicker hair growth.
    • Can improve the density of existing hair.

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

  • Mechanism of Action:
    Sirolimus inhibits mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin), reducing cellular growth and metabolism. It promotes autophagy, decreases inflammation, and supports cellular health, key for both longevity and hair growth.

  • Dosing Consideration:
    Lower doses (e.g., 6 mg weekly) have reduced risks compared to transplant doses (5–15 mg daily).

  • Benefits:

    • Enhances autophagy, clearing damaged cells and debris.
    • Reduces cellular senescence, slowing aging processes.
    • Decreases chronic inflammation and improves metabolic health.
    • Creates a healthier scalp environment for hair growth.

  • Risks:

    • Immunosuppression (increased infection risk).
    • Mouth ulcers (common, incidence ~5–10% at lower doses).
    • Elevated cholesterol and triglycerides (50% of users).
    • Gastrointestinal upset (nausea, diarrhea, ~20%).
    • Impaired wound healing.
    • Increased sensitivity to sunlight, raising the risk of sunburn or skin irritation.
    • Edema (10–15%) and high blood pressure (15%).
    • Potential impact on glucose metabolism (e.g., elevated blood glucose).
    • Rare but possible: liver toxicity, hematological abnormalities (e.g., anemia).

  • Contraindications:

    • Contraindicated in men planning to conceive.
    • Contraindicated in pregnancy (Category X).
    • Significant liver impairment, immunodeficiency disorders, or active infections.

  • Sun Sensitivity Precaution:
    Use sunscreen (SPF 30+), wear protective clothing, and limit sun exposure.

  • FDA Safety Update (July 2021):
    Lower doses for longevity and hair growth reduce the severity of risks seen with higher transplant doses. Patients should be monitored for infections, cholesterol, and blood sugar changes.

NAD+ Injection

  • Mechanism of Action:
    NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a coenzyme essential for energy production and cellular repair. It plays a crucial role in mitochondrial function, DNA repair, and reducing oxidative stress. By replenishing NAD+ levels, it supports cellular health, combats environmental damage, and promotes overall vitality.

  • Dosing Consideration:
    Typical dosing ranges from 0.5–1.5 ml subcutaneously once per week or divided. The medication is provided in a concentration of 200 mg/ml in a 5 ml vial.

  • Benefits:

    • User-reported benefits include:
      • Increased energy.
      • Enhanced memory and focus.
      • Improved mood and resilience to stress.
    • May support skin health and cellular rejuvenation through DNA repair.

  • Risks:

    • Mild redness, irritation, or soreness at the injection site.
    • Rare: Nausea, flushing, or dizziness following the injection.
    • Rare allergic reactions to NAD+ formulations.

  • Contraindications:

    • Known hypersensitivity to NAD+ or any component of the formulation.
    • Active skin infections at the injection site.
    • Known liver and/or kidney disease.
    • Severe chronic conditions without prior medical consultation.


 

NAD+ Face Cream for UV Damage Repair

Mechanism of Action: NAD+ is a coenzyme that aids in cellular repair and reduces oxidative stress caused by environmental factors like UV exposure. It supports skin rejuvenation by replenishing NAD+ levels, crucial for repairing DNA damage and promoting healthy cell function.

Risks: Mild skin irritation, redness, and possible dryness. Some users may experience temporary tingling upon application as the cream begins to absorb. Overuse can lead to sensitivity or mild inflammation. Rare cases may experience allergic reactions.

Contraindications: Known sensitivity to NAD+ formulations, compromised skin barrier (such as from recent laser or microneedling treatments), and active skin infections.

Benefits: Enhances skin resilience against UV-induced damage, promotes an even skin tone, reduces fine lines and wrinkles, and supports overall skin health by stimulating cellular repair.

Peptide Botox Alternative (GHK-Cu, Argireline, and Leuphasyl)

Mechanism of Action: This peptide blend works by targeting facial muscles and promoting collagen production. Argireline and Leuphasyl help relax muscle tension to reduce wrinkles, while GHK-Cu supports skin repair and elasticity by promoting collagen synthesis.

Risks: Potential for mild redness, itching, and temporary skin discoloration. Some users may experience a mild tingling or warming sensation due to increased blood flow and peptide activity.

Contraindications: Known allergy to peptide components, compromised skin barrier, open wounds, recent skin treatments (e.g., laser therapy) that could increase sensitivity, and patients with a history of metal allergies (for GHK-Cu).

Benefits: Reduces the appearance of wrinkles, improves skin firmness and elasticity, supports collagen production, and provides a non-invasive alternative to injections for smoother skin.

Legal and Safety Disclaimer

  • This information is provided to ensure full transparency about the risks associated with each prescription and peptide treatment. Users should consult with their healthcare provider regarding any concerns or questions. These medications are used off-label, and compounded formulations are not FDA-approved for the intended uses.
  • By using these protocols, users acknowledge understanding and acceptance of all stated risks, including the possibility of side effects that may not be fully known or listed here.

    PDR.net Drug Summary Links  for further details on each prescription.